Starch Traces on Stone Tools Push Back Evidence of Hominid Plant Prep by 400,000 Years

Analysis raises questions about what the Paleo Diet was historically.

By Paul Smaglik
Jan 8, 2025 8:45 PMJan 8, 2025 8:48 PM
Digging For Cooking Tools
Excavations at Gesher Benot Ya’akov (Credit: Gesher Benot Ya'akov team)

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Sometimes it’s good not to wash the dishes. Food preparation tools recovered from an Israel archeological excavation that started in 1989 have pushed back evidence of ancient hominid plant processing by about 400,000 years — all because they weren’t cleaned.

Starch residue on flat basalt anvils and small, round pounding rocks also add grist to the argument that the Paleo Diet included heavy portions of plants, rather than the meat-dominant version many people have now adopted as a weight-loss strategy. The paper detailing these findings was recently published in PNAS.

Rethinking Ancient Diets

The findings were possible because Naama Goren-Inbar, a professor at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, had preserved some items found in the decade-long dig near now-drained northern Hula Lake south of the Jordan River, without cleaning them. Archeologists often wash such objects to photograph and preserve them.

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